COVID-19 Vaccine-Induced Cerebral Sinus Thrombosis: Coincidence vs. Cause?

Patients who were vaccinated against COVID-19 have experienced thrombosis-thrombocytopenia syndrome and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST). It is important to be aware of this potential side effect of the vaccine and to be able to recognize early clinical symptoms and signs of CVST. In this paper, we present two cases of COVID-19 vaccination-related CVST. The patients who suffered headaches and seizures were found to have CVST, which was treated with anticoagulation.

Minimal change nephrotic syndrome four days after the administration of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine-a new side effect or coincidence?

The association between the COVID vaccine and MCD is temporal and by exclusion, and it is not fully established, but it should be considered in postvvaccine MCD.

Rhino-orbital Mucormycosis as a complication of severe COVID-19 pneumonia.

Mucormycosis has multiple clinical phenotypes, which are more common in immunocompromised patients, especially those with diabetes mellitus. Debilitating rhino-orbital-cerebral and pulmonary infections by far represent the most typical clinical phenotypes associated with these fungi. Mucormycosis is an uncommon infection; however, there have been isolated sporadic tiny outbreaks around the world. With the substantial increase in COVID-19 cases in India, there is a parallel increase in the number of cases of Mucormycosis. A few reports raising unusual concomitant mucormycosis in COVID-19 patients have raised a possible association between the two diseases. We report a 59-year-old male with an established history of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus admitted to the hospital with severe COVID-19 pneumonia (severity ascertained according to WHO classification) treated with steroids and discharged home following full recovery. However, one week later, he presented with right eye ophthalmoplegia and complete loss of vision, which was subsequently established as orbital Mucormycosis. This case highlights the need for heightened awareness of this atypical secondary infection (especially systemic mycosis) in patients recovering from COVID-19 infection.

Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis as an Unexpected Complication of COVID-19 Pneumonia.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is commonly associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome and acute cardiac and renal injuries. However, thromboembolic events are also prevalent in COVID-19. The pathogenesis of COVID-19 hypercoagulability is not well known but may be linked to the cytokine storm induced by a viral infection or endothelial damage that triggers a cascade leading to hypercoagulability. Because vascular endothelium has angiotensin-converting enzyme 2-like lung tissue, COVID-19 targets lung tissue and vascular endothelium, leading to thrombosis. We present a rare case of a young patient with COVID-19 who presented with thrombosis of the cerebral venous system managed with anticoagulation. This case highlights the need for heightened awareness of this atypical but potentially treatable complication of the COVID-19 disease spectrum.

Severe SARS-CoV-2 infection presenting with acute kidney injury and diabetic ketoacidosis complicated by pancreatitis in a 53-year man with hypertension.

Severe COVID-19 infection is associated with significant stress and marked immune response that can affect many organs and precipitate DKA, pancreatitis, and acute renal injury, which might be permanent.

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Concomitant with COVID 19: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND COVID-19 is a newly emerging disease that is not yet fully understood. It is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel virus that is easily transmitted from human to human through the respiratory route. Usually, it presents with fever, headache, fatigue accompanied by respiratory symptoms like cough and dyspnea, and other systemic involvements. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a common lymphoproliferative neoplasm characterized by absolute lymphocytosis and demonstration of clonality unlike other causes of lymphocytosis. Patients with CLL are considered immunocompromised because of impaired humoral immunity (mainly) and cellular immunity. Therefore, they are vulnerable to various infections including COVID-19. Little is known about the COVID-19 infection when it unmasks CLL. CASE REPORT A 49-year-old man with no significant previous illnesses, and an unremarkable family history, presented with a moderate COVID-19 infection. He initially presented to the emergency department with fever and mild shortness of breath. A complete blood count showed a high white blood cell count with absolute lymphocytosis. Flow cytometry revealed the clonality of the lymphocytes confirming the diagnosis of CLL. Despite having CLL, he developed a moderate COVID-19 infection and recovered in a few days. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of CLL, which presented with a COVID-19 infection as the initial presentation. CONCLUSIONS Lymphocytosis is an unexpected finding in patients diagnosed with COVID-19 infection and the elevated lymphocytes may be indicative of other conditions. Secondary causes of lymphocytosis like malignancy or other infections should be considered in these cases.